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Maxwell2D: Waveguide

Dielectric constant distribution

A microwave waveguide is normally a hollow metallic conductor, and must be more than half a wavelength in diameter to support electromagnetic waves without strong losses. In this animation the same frequency wave is passed along waveguides with different diameters. The most efficient is the central one, which supports a single wave mode with small losses
Wikipedia link: Waveguide (electromagnetism)

Electric field animation

Time-averaged Poynting vector

This is an animation of the component of the electric field out of the plane of the page.The direction in which energy is travelling at any instant is proportional to the cross product of the electric and magnetic fields, known as the Poynting vector. The arrows show the direction of the Poynting vector averaged over the simulation, while the colours show its strength.